Sun Records (http://www.sunstudio.com/)
OK. Yesterday I saw how it ended; today I get to see where it began. My first stop this morning is the legendary Sun Studio and if you are a fan of Johnny Cash, Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Jerry Lee Lewis or rock and roll, you must check this place out. It’s hard to believe that this tiny little studio launched so many careers and tours are given daily at the bottom of every hour from 10am-6pm and cost a mere $12. Our tour guide Jane was great. She’s cute as a button and so enthusiastic. She really loves her job and who wouldn’t love talking about this stuff all day? She brought us upstairs to the display cases of Sam Phillips’s first recording equipment. It was a simple mono track device and huge as hell! No wonder he needed a permanent place to house this equipment. Sam Phillips fun fact: He never owned the studio building, he only leased it. He started out by recording the blues artists that he loved and called the place Memphis Recording Service. Before Elvis, Sam recorded “Rocket 88” one of my favorite songs by Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats featuring a 19-year-old Ike Turner. We got to see the original speaker they used to record the song, which ended up falling out of their car on the way to the recording session and broke. They tried to fix it but they had to put newspaper in the speaker system and it ended up giving the song a distorted sound so many people do consider “Rocket 88” to be the first distorted rock and roll song in history. I love hearing stories like this! By the time Elvis came along, Sam had turned the recording studio into an official record label and named it Sun Records. Jane told us that he chose the word and image of “sun” because it symbolized a new beginning. How prophetic. During this part of the tour, Jane occasionally played a few seconds of important recordings like “Rocket 88” or “Bear Cat” by Rufus Thomas (an answer song to Big Mama Thornton’s hit “Hound Dog”. Yes, in case you didn’t know, it was her song before Elvis recorded it). Rufus Thomas will also appear later today in my tour of the Stax Records museum. Sam was only 27 years old at the time he started this recording studio. He was just trying to do something he loved. He had no idea what it would turn into (a lesson to all of us when we’re not sure what path to take…just do what you love!). Sam was just interested in bringing the music he loved to the people and he didn’t care if the musicians were black or white. But it’s easy to forget how controversial it was at that time to be bringing that type of music to white America. There was even a guy in our tour group, he was probably in his 60s, who told us that when he was a teenager, his mother would never let him listen to Elvis; until Elvis released some religious songs and then she that it was OK. In fact, when Elvis released “That’s All Right” the station that played it was flooded with requests for the song from both black and white listeners.

From L to R: Sam Phillips' early recording equipment, the exterior of Sun Records, the broken speaker used for "Rocket 88".
Next it was down the stairs into the actual recording studio that is still in use today. Jane said that a lot of famous people will drop by the studio and that John Cougar Mellencamp stopped by just last week. Here you get to see the desk where Marion Kistler sat. She was Sam’s secretary and the woman who was responsible for getting Elvis’s recording to Sam in the first place so where’s her induction into the rock hall of fame? I’m just saying y’all, behind every successful man is a good woman! It was a real D.I.Y. operation. I mean Marion and Sam even installed the light fixtures themselves and Sam built the wavy ceiling from an instructional guide he read about in Popular Mechanics magazine. It was pretty amazing to stand in that place where so many legends started. Sam even put a mark on the floor to note where Elvis stood when he recorded “That’s All Right” and you can still see it to this day. I actually enjoyed this tour much more than Graceland. Again, maybe because it was simple and more humble and captured the early Elvis that I like but as Jane said, “Well people like this place because let’s face it, if there were no Sun Records, there would be no Graceland.” On the wall is a picture of the famous Million Dollar Quartet, an impromptu jam session with Carl Perkins, Elvis Presley, Johnny Cash, and Jerry Lee Lewis. In fact, Johnny Cash was just stopping by to pick up a paycheck but they all started jamming and it ended up going all night long. Sam, genius that he is, called the local newspaper to come by and take a photo. By that time, Sam had sold Elvis’ contract to RCA because he was struggling financially but he recorded the entire session. For years, it was only available as a bootleg but eventually he worked out a deal with RCA to release it officially.

The Million Dollar Quartet!
Jane is more than happy to share all of these little insider tidbits with us and she finished the tour by strumming a little bit of Johnny Cash’s “Walk the Line”. It seems that Johnny loved the sound of a snare drum, but drums were not used on country music back then, so he placed a piece of paper in his guitar strings and created his own unique “snare drum”. Jane demonstrated this effect with a dollar bill.

Our tour guide is multi-talented: knowledgeable, enthusiastic, and a great Johnny Cash impersonator.
After that we were free to walk around and take pictures and we were even allowed to touch the microphone that Elvis used when he recorded his songs. For a moment I was like, “Oh my God, I’m holding the microphone that Elvis touched!” but then I thought about all the thousands of people who probably touched it and then it felt like “Wow, is Elvis’s aura even still on this thing any more?”

Wouldn't it be great if they announced that I was the millionth customer to visit Sun Records and balloons and confetti fell down from the ceiling? I guess I'll just have to settle for the honor of touching Elvis's microphone instead.
Jane reminded us that tips are not required but appreciated. Which reminds me, you should always tip your tour guide. People often forget to do it but I imagine they don’t make a lot of money so it does help and plus she was really great. Afterwards I bought some souvenirs and hung out in the café for a bit. The café was formerly Taylor’s restaurant where a lot of the musicians would hang out and get a “meat and three” to eat. Jane tells us that this is a southern expression for “a meat with 3 sides”. Once Sam sold Sun Records, the building sat empty until 2003 and miraculously the interior and much of the equipment remained untouched. But do you want to hear the sad thing? Sam Phillips died one day before the original Sun Studio was declared a historic landmark. R.I.P. Sam Phillips.
Stax Records / Soulsville U.S.A. (http://www.soulsvilleusa.com/)
Do you think I’ve had my fill of music history and nostalgia? Well I haven’t so off I go to the Stax Records museum. It really is amazing to think of the accomplishments of the people who started these companies and the artists they helped to develop and it’s hard not to feel like a loser because I haven’t accomplished anything nearly as monumental. I know, not everyone can do something of this magnitude but I think we all just want to be acknowledged for our gifts and contributions. It’s only human to want to be recognized for something good in this world.
On this particular day the museum was pretty empty. The tour is self-guided and starts with a short film about the history of Stax. Then it’s off to see the displays. You’re actually not allowed to take pictures in here but no one was around so I did a bad thing and broke a rule by taking a picture of the Ike and Tina display. I didn’t use a flash though so I don’t think I did any damage. Does this make me a bad person…especially after all my yearning in the previous paragraph about wanting to be recognized for doing something good in this world? I don’t think this act of disobedience will be it! I’m sorry Stax Museum. It won’t happen again.

My crime...for all the world to see.
Like Sun Records, the Stax label launched some amazing careers, started out as a basic “mom and pop” operation, and recorded both black and white music artists. If it weren’t for Stax, who knows if we would have heard of Otis Redding, Booker T. & the MGs, Sam & Dave, Isaac Hayes, and many more. Stax was started in 1957 by a banker named Jim Stewart who was recording country music in his wife’s uncle’s garage. He eventually opened the Satellite Record Store. When he moved his “recording studio” to Brunswick, his sister Estelle Axton mortgaged her home to pay for the recording equipment. Um, I hate to bring this up again guys, but here’s another example of a woman playing a pivotal role in creating something historical. I’m just saying that Estelle Axton and Marion Kistler are probably hanging out in heaven right now giving each other props!
In 1959, they moved to the old Capitol Theater where the museum stands now. Rufus Thomas, who also recorded at Sun Records, had a hit with his daughter Carla titled “Cause I Love You”. After years of struggling, a local high school R&B band, the Mark-Keys, cut an instrumental hit (“Last Night”) that finally put Satellite Records on top and Stewart and Axton formed their record label, Stax Records. They took the name by combining the first two letters of each of their last names. The Mark-Keys evolved into Booker T. and the MGs and become the Stax house band for the next 8 years. Booker T. and the MGs were made up of two black musicians and two white musicians. They were interracial long before the Doobie Brothers and Sly and the Family Stone. The displays feature albums, costumes, and video interviews from notable Stax artists and executives. There was even a display of an old Baptist church to illustrate the importance of church music and services in the evolution of black music in America. As I made my way through the displays and history simultaneously, I eventually came upon a dance floor with a TV that showed a montage of “Soul Train” TV show clips and funk music playing on the speakers. I can vividly remember watching “American Bandstand” on Saturday mornings and then staying up late on Saturday nights to watch “Soul Train”. You are allowed to dance on the dance floor here, but it was pretty empty and I hate to dance alone so I moved on. The Satellite Record Store was known for being a place where kids could hang out and listen to music all day if they wanted to and they were never pressured to buy anything. Can you imagine a store today allowing kids to just hang out all day? I know, everything is bought online these days but it’s the principle! A lot of kids would hang out there and eventually get odd jobs helping out the musicians, and maybe even become musicians themselves. Estelle created a very open, family-like environment and while not everyone had musical talent, she would certainly give everyone a chance to at least audition. Many of the interview subjects commented on how there was absolutely no racial tension amongst the artists at Stax. No one cared if you were black or white. All they cared about was making good music and working together, but sadly, after the assassination of MLK, some underlying tension started to emerge.
My favorite display was the Isaac Hayes exhibit, specifically his gold plated peacock blue Cadillac, which they have on a rotating display at the museum. The Stax Record Company gave Isaac Hayes this car as a gift for his unparalleled success in 1971 and 1972 and the car was decked out with a refrigerated bar and a color TV. But remember this is 1972 so the bar and the TV are huge and bulky! There was a video next to the display that showed Isaac driving the car through the Memphis neighborhoods and talking about how much he loved it. I was not ballsy enough to sneak another illegal picture at the museum, especially of this display because I’m sure there are security cameras all over this one, but here’s a youtube video of it that I found:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VN_XCrDHTdk&feature=related
Along with displays of Isaac Hayes’ costumes and records, there was a Black Moses Phone! It’s this huge, obnoxious looking 70’s style phone (sorry, I can’t find a picture of it online anywhere) but next to it was a sign that read “No female could resists a caller on the Black Moses Phone.” I love it!
While Stax Records eventually went into bankruptcy and the original studio demolished, luckily the recordings were salvaged. In 2003, a replica of the Stax Studio was built on the same site where the historic Stax recording sessions took place. If you’re in Memphis, you should definitely take a trip to Soulsville U.S.A.!

The 3 pictures I was allowed to take. I'm looking forward to coming back when Memphis Slim's house is restored!
Beale Street
After seeing music in museums, I decided to actually hear some live music on Beale Street. Beale Street reminds me a lot of Bourbon Street in New Orleans although it’s not as big. There’s music going on all day and night and the street is blocked off to cars so you can walk around with alcohol if you like. You can get a “Beale Big Ass Beer” to go, or something called a Diver at Silky O’Sullivan’s Irish pub. It’s slogan – “Guaranteed to make you go down!” – is printed on the huge tubs that are used to hold this concoction.

These are the tubs that hold the magical "Diver" concoction.
I saw people everywhere drinking these and then I came across a guy who was drinking one across the street from the restaurant. And by that I mean that everyone connected straws together until it made it across the street and cheered him on once he finally got a sip. A Diver contains beer, liquor, and fruit juice. It sounds disgusting to me but it’s very popular so it must be good…if you’re a college kid or an alcoholic that is. Ew, that was a bit judgmental! What’s wrong with you, Liz? You drank stupid stuff in college once upon a time, too!

A glimpse of Beale Street; where total strangers will help you get wasted.
I hit Dyer’s for a deep-fried cheeseburger. I am easily going to gain 10 pounds on this trip but it will be worth it! Dyer’s has been written up in Esquire as one of the five most decadent burgers in the United States. Maybe it’s because instead of a grill, Dyer’s uses a cast-iron skillet filled with grease. Old grease. They’ve been using the same batch since they opened — in 1912. Dear God, what have I ingested?!
Read more: http://www.esquire.com/dont-miss/better-man-07/60things0507-7#ixzz0QO8eKxKn
I then headed over to King’s Palace Café where the sounds of Ms. Zeno the Louisiana Mojo Queen were wafting from the outdoor café. These two biker couples were having the best time smoking, drinking, and dancing and entertaining the crowd almost as much as Ms. Zeno. I was going to take a picture until I heard the following:
Ms. Zeno: Would anyone like to take a picture with me? If so my son has his camera with him and it costs $10.00.
Female customer: I would. (taking out her camera, obviously missing Ms. Zeno’s caveat)
Ms. Zeno: Oh no honey, only my son takes pictures of me. (big smile) This is a business.
The customer declined. I feel for Ms. Zeno. She was singing her heart out and sounded a lot like Tina Turner. She even had some woman going around trying to sell her CDs, but you know, everyone’s hurting these days and I need my 10 bucks to eat or put gas in the car. I did put a couple bucks in her tip bucket though. It’s the least I could do.
By this time I had my fill of music, museums, and food and headed back to the hotel for some rest. Tomorrow is a visit to the Civil Rights Museum and then a drive to Jackson, Mississippi. Goodnight!

The sun sets both on the Mississippi River and on my time here in Memphis.





















